Intensive interactions between the Aceh Sultanate and Minangkabau region had developed into significant influence by the former on the latter in terms of Islamic teachings. The most substantial Muslim empire in the region was Aceh Sultanate, based in the current Aceh province. Islam began entering the West coast of Minangkabau after the fall of the Strait of Malacca into Portuguese in the 16th century through coastal cities such as Pariaman. The cultural contact became more intensive in the 13th century with the rise of Muslim Samudera Pasai Sultanate in the northern Sumatra, assuming control of the strait and advancing into the east Minangkabau for gold mines and pepper production center. This trading activity is estimated as the first contact between the indigenous people and Islam. The first route was cultivated by the Muslim Arab traders who came down from the Strait of Malacca through the Kampar River, flowing from the highlands into the strait. One from the east Minangkabau between the 7th -8th century, and another from the west coast of Minangkabau after the 16th century. Introduction of Islam in the West Sumatran region, especially the Minangkabau Highlands, the home of Minangkabau people, is assumed to take two routes.
Up until today the region is considered one of the strongholds of Islam in Indonesia. Minangkabau people, indigenous to West Sumatra and comprise 88% of the West Sumatran population today, have historically played an important role within the Muslim community in Indonesia.
Denomination among Islam in West Sumatra is predominantly Sunni Islam, and there is a small Shia Islamic pocket within the coastal city of Pariaman. The Muslim population increases to 99.6% if it excludes the Mentawai Islands, where the majority of the non-Muslim ( Protestant) West Sumatrans reside. Islam is the most adhered religion in West Sumatra, a province of Indonesia, embraced by 97.42% of the whole population.
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